Three men who made rechargeable lithium-ion batteries possible have won the 2019 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.
One of the scientists is 97-year-old John Goodenough, who became the oldest winner of a Nobel prize. Goodenough is a professor at The University of Texas at Austin. He will share the award with Stanley Whittingham, a professor at the State University of New York at Binghamton, and Akira Yoshino of Japan. Yoshino is a professor with Meijo University and a fellow with the Asahi Kasei Corporation.
Sara Snogerup Linse is a member of the Nobel committee for chemistry. She said the three men “developed lightweight batteries…useful in many applications – truly portable electronics: mobile phones, pacemakers, but also long-distance electric cars.”
The invention of the lithium-ion battery has had a deep influence on modern life. It has made listening to music, watching television and communicating on electric devices something that can be done almost anywhere.
Tesla Model 3 is one of many electric vehicles powered by lithium-ion batteries. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski, File)
Story of the lithium battery
Whittingham started his research into lithium batteries in the 1970s at a time when world oil prices were high and energy availability a big concern. He developed a battery that combined lithium and titanium disulfide. It could produce two volts of power, but it was too explosive to be useful. But the British-American researcher established that lithium ions could be held by a special material to create a lightweight battery.
Goodenough found that combining lithium with cobalt oxide could produce a more powerful battery, one that produced four volts. His research was an important step in the development of more powerful and safer batteries.
Using Goodenough’s design as a starting point, Yoshino developed the first commercially available lithium-ion battery in 1985. Yoshino’s design used a carbon-based material to hold lithium ions. That made the battery lightweight and able to be recharged many times.
The Nobel committee said that lithium-ion batteries “have laid the foundation of a wireless, fossil fuel-free society, and are of the greatest benefit to humankind.”
Reaction to the announcement
Yoshino spoke on Japanese television after hearing that he and the other winners were being recognized for helping the environment.
“I am happy that (the) lithium-ion battery won the prize in that context,” he said.
Yoshino and Goodenough have developed a close relationship over the years. Yoshino said that Goodenough is like a father and he goes to Texas every year to see him.
Gregory Offer is an expert in mechanical engineering at Imperial College London. He called the German-born Goodenough’s work “one of the key enabling technologies of the 21st century.”
The three scientists will share the prize worth $918,000. They will receive their gold medals and be honored at the Nobel ceremony in Sweden on December 10.
I’m Mario Ritter Jr.
Mario Ritter Jr. adapted this story for VOA Learning English from Associated Press and Reuters reports. George Grow was the editor.
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Words in This Story
battery – n. a container made of one or more cells, in which chemical energy is used to create power
fellow – n. a member of a group; a person appointed to a position for study or research
application - n. use; a way of using something
portable – adj. able to be carried or moved from place to place
volt – n. a measurement of electrical force
commercially – adv. related to being able to be sold to people and used widely
benefit – n. something that produces helpful or good results
context – n. additional information that helps explain some statement, action or incident
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